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Boukman, an educated Muslim slave who inspired the Haitian Revolution, is depicted here with broken chains suggesting the liberation for which he fought and died. The shell in Boukman's left hand references slaves use of shells to communicate in…

On 14 August 1791, slaves of Saint-Domingue gathered for a vodou ceremony at Bois Caiman. The leader Boukman stands larger than life on the far right and presides over the sacrifice of a black Creole pig to Erzulie Dantor, the mother spirit of…